The Great Wall of China close to Beijing City

北京附近的长城

The green area in the map below shows Beijing Municipality, with the Great Wall shown in brown.

All of these sections of the Great Wall close to Beijing have tours which go there, but the most popular is BaDaLing Great Wall because it is one of the closest and can also be reached easily by a frequent and cheap bus (919 from DeShengMen).

所有北京附近的长城景点都有旅行团去那，但最受欢迎的是八达岭长城，因为他是离北京最近的一个而且比较容易到，搭乘频繁而便宜的公交车就能到（在德胜门的919）。

Badaling Great Wall.

The popular sections of the Great Wall near Beijing

北京附近最受欢迎的长城

BaDaLing Great Wall, JuYongGuan Great Wall and MuTianYu Great Wall

八达岭长城、居庸关长城、慕田峪长城

The sections of the Great Wall closest to Beijing are JuYongGuan and BaDaLing. MuTianYu Great Wall is only a little further, but without an expressway to it.

Badaling Great Wall offers awesome views, but it can also be the most crowded (near the entrance), especially at weekends or on national holidays, because it is the most commonly visited by tour groups. MuTianYu Great Wall is another restored section to the east of BaDaLing, and is also much longer (22km). MuTianYu requires a more rigorous climb, however. Both MuTianYu Great Wall and BaDaLing Great Wall have cable cars to help you reach the top.

JuYongGuan Pass Great Wall is actually a little nearer than Badaling Great Wall. Both cross the same steep-sided valley through which a river, railway line and the Badaling Expressway now pass. The rigorous climb at JuYongGuan is complemented by a number of attractions at ground level. JuYongGuan Great Wall also features some life-size Terracotta Warriors.

离北京最近的长城段是居庸关和八达岭。慕田峪长城只比他们远一点，但却没有高速公路。

八达岭长城提供了非常震撼的景色，但那也是最拥挤（在靠近入口处），尤其是周末或国家法定假日，因为这里是旅行团最常旅游的地方。慕田峪长城是另一段修复过的在八达岭的东面，并且也很长(22km)。慕田峪需要更严峻的攀登，然而八达岭和慕田峪这两个地方都有缆车帮你到达顶峰。

居庸关长城实际上只比八达岭进一点点。现在铁路现和八达岭高速公路都从一个有河流的陡峭的山谷中穿过。在居庸关主要是严峻的攀爬，辅助以一些地面上吸引人的景色，还有与实物大小一样的秦俑。

BaDaLing Great Wall
八达岭长城

Stretching for 4.8 km along rolling mountains, the BaDaLing section of the Great Wall has 19 strategically located watchtowers. This section was crucial to protect the capital against attack in ancient times, giving BaDaLing the name 'key to the north gate'.

沿着起伏的山脉连绵延伸共480公里，八达岭段长城,有19个战略上的敌台。在古代时这部分是 保护首都的免于攻击的关键, 所以八达岭命名为“北门锁钥”。'

The descending second half of the east side of Badaling Great Wall.

The top of the Great Wall here is wide enough in most parts for 10 soldiers to march side by side. The outer parapet is crenelated with merlons almost 2 m high.

长城顶上大部分地方的宽度足够容下十个并肩士兵的队伍通行。外侧是几乎高出两米的齿装城墙。

Badaling Fortress, at an elevation of 600m, was built in 1505. The walls around it, built in 1571, are 10m high, 4m thick and over 1 km long in circumference. The fortress has 2 gate towers. A tablet inscribed with "Outpost to JuYongGuan Pass" is hung on the eastern gate and another with "The Lock on the Northern Gateway" on the western gate. As the entrance to BaDaLing Great Wall, this fortress is an important defensive spot on the north side of JuYongGuan Pass. During the Ming dynasty, a strong force was garrisoned here.

East of the fortress lies a huge rock, 7m long and 2m high, named 'Watching Beijing Rock'. It is said that the Empress Dowager CiXi once passed here as she fled to the north when the Eight Allied Forces invaded Beijing in 1900. Making a short stop here, she looked back towards Beijing and lamented the loss of her comfortable life in the Forbidden City.

In recent years, this section of the Great Wall has been repaired (using traditional materials and techniques) and a Great Wall Museum has been established near to the wall.

Over 100 million visitors have walked along BaDaLing Great Wall.

八达岭，海拔600米，始建于1505年。周围的墙壁，建于1571年，高10米厚4米长约100多公里。瓮城有东西两门。一个牌匾上写着“居庸外镇”挂在东门上，另一个写着“北门锁钥”。八达岭长城最为北京地区的一个隘口，是明长城北面重要关口居庸关的前哨。在明朝期间有很强的军队驻守在这。

要塞的东面有一块大岩石，高2米长7米，叫做“望京石”。据说1900年八国联军进军北京的时候慈禧就曾从这往北逃的。当时在这里稍歇了片刻，她登上这块石头向南遥望着北京，悲叹着失去北京和失去在紫禁城中的美好生活。想着一去不知何日能归，不禁潸然泪下。故得此名。

近些年来，这段长城已被修复（用传统的技术和材料）并且在这长城附近还建立了一个长城博物馆。

已经有超过1亿的游客来攀登八达岭长城。

MuTianYu Great Wall
慕田峪长城

Located in HuaiRou County, 70 km northeast of Beijing, the MuTianYu section of the Great Wall lies between JuYongGuan, Badaling, JianKou and HuangHua in the west, and JinShanLing, Simatai and GuBeiKou in the east. One of the best-preserved parts of the Great Wall (and now carefully restored), the MuTianYu section served as part of the northern barrier defending both the capital and the imperial tombs.

First built in the mid-6th century during the Northern Qi dynasty, MuTianYu Great Wall is older than BaDaLing Great Wall. During the Ming dynasty, under the supervision of General Xu Da, construction of the present wall began on the foundations of the Northern Qi wall. In 1404, a gateway was built in the Great Wall here. In 1569, MuTianYu Great Wall was rebuilt.

位于怀柔区据北京北面70公里的慕田峪长城，是在西边的居庸关长城、八达岭、箭扣，和东边的金山岭、司马台和古北口，之间。堪称是万里长城的精华所在（目前正小心的修护中），慕田峪长城作为北边的屏障即保护这首都北京又保护着皇帝的陵墓。

慕田峪长城始建于6世纪中期的北齐，它要比八达岭长城早。在明朝期间，在大将徐达的监督下开始在北齐长城的遗址上建设慕田峪长城。1404年建成“慕田峪关”，1569年又在明初长城的基础上加以修葺。现在慕田峪所保留修复的长城，为明代所修筑，是全国明代长城遗迹中保存最好的地段之一。

Mutianyu Great Wall.

MuTianYu has the largest construction scale and best overall quality among all sections of the Great Wall. Built mainly with granite, the wall is 7 - 8 meters high and the top is 4 - 5 meters wide.

Compared with other sections of the Great Wall, MuTianYu possesses some unique characteristics in its construction. Watchtowers are densely placed along this section of the Great Wall - 22 watchtowers in the 2,250 m long wall. That is, one every 100 meters whereas the norm is about one every 500 meters.

Both the outer and inner parapets are crenellated with merlons, so that shots could be fired at the enemy on both sides, a feature very rare on other parts of the Great Wall.

The MuTianYu Pass itself has 3 watchtowers, a big one in the center and a smaller one on each side. Standing on the same terrace, the 3 watchtowers are connected to each other from inside composing a formidable but rarely seen structure among sections of the Great Wall.

纵观整个长城，慕田峪长城是其中建设规模最大和整体质量最佳的一段。大部分都是用的花岗岩，墙体高7-8米顶端宽4-5米。

相对于其他路段的长城，慕田峪在它的施工上具有一些独特的特点。敌楼要更密集一些，沿着2250米的墙有22个烽火台。这就是说每100米就有一个，而按规定是每500米一个。

在墙顶上内外两侧都有建有矮墙垛口，可两面拒敌，这一特征在其他长城的其他部分里是很罕见的。

慕田峪关口它本身有3个敌楼，一个大的在中间两边各有一个小的。都建在同一个平台上，这三个敌楼从内部相互相连形成一个强大的势力，但在长城的其他部分很少看到这种结构。

MuTianYu Great Wall is surrounded by woodland and streams. The forest coverage is over 90% making for wonderful scenery. A cable car is available to whisk you up onto the Great Wall - which is a good idea given how far along the wall you can then travel.

慕田峪长城被森林溪水环绕。森林的覆盖率达到了90%制造了一个完美的景色。缆车可以迅速的把你送到长城顶上——这是一个很好的主意然后你就可以想象出，之后你有多远的距离要走。

SiMaTai Great Wall
司马台长城

A much wilder and less crowded option is to go to the section known as SiMaTai Great Wall. However, this section is quite a lot further away - over 100 km northeast of Beijing, and part of the journey is along smaller roads through the mountains. The journey time to SiMaTai Great Wall is about 2 1/4 hours.

Higher than BaDaLing, running along a precipitous mountain ridge, and with the extra beauty of being in a weathered, partly crumbled state, the Great Wall at SiMaTai fulfills one's Great Wall dreams and so is well worth the journey.

一个更原始自然并且人也不拥挤的选择，就要数知名的司马台长城了。然而，这段长城要更远一些——距北京100多公里的路程，并且路上还要走一段小道穿山越岭。到司马台的路程大概要2小时零一刻钟左右。

它比八达岭更高，蜿蜒在刀削斧劈的山脊上，还有一些额外的被风化的美景，有的部分已经粉碎，到司马台长城可以完成你的长城梦所以是非常值得去的地方。

SiMaTai Great Wall is 5.4 km long, has 35 watchtowers and joins with JinShanLing Great Wall to the west. There are many places along the wall here that are unmatched among other sections of the Great Wall.

SiMaTai Great Wall is separated into two parts - east and west - by a valley. The west section is relatively gentle and has 20 well-preserved watchtowers. The east part is precipitous and has 15 rugged watchtowers on 1000 meter high peaks, creating a journey you will surly never forget.

司马台长城厂5.4公里，有35个敌楼西面与金山岭长城相连。沿着长城这里有许多独一无二的风景与长城其他路段不一样。

司马台长城被鸳鸯湖分离成两部分——东部和西部。西半部的相对温和一些还有20个保存比较好的敌楼。东半部是险峻的，有15个粗糙的敌楼在1000米高的山顶上，在这里做一次攀登会使你终身难忘。

JinShanLing Great Wall
金山岭长城

Just to the west of SiMaTai Great Wall is JinShanLing Great Wall. Partly restored, JinShanLing Great Wall lies in beautiful scenery that is more rolling and forested, whereas SiMaTai Great Wall is more rugged. JinShanLing is another good choice for a more peaceful Great Wall experience. Although a bit narrower than BaDaLing and MuTianYu, JinShanLing Great Wall features complicated and well preserved fortification systems. One can hike all the way from JinShanLing to SiMaTai. End to end, the journey is about 30km and requires about 6 hours or so at a leisurly pace.

就在司马台长城的西面是金山岭长城。部分已经修复，金山岭长城躺在美丽的风景之中，那有更多的起伏和森林，然而司马台长城是更险峻的。如果想选择一个更宁静长城的体验，金山岭是另一个好的选择。尽管它比八达岭和慕田峪要窄一点，金山岭的特征很复杂并且它的防御保护系统做的很好。从金山岭可以步行走到司马台，从这头到那头，全程约30公里，需要大约6小时用一般的步伐。

A good idea for a two, three or four day trip : combine a visit to Simatai GreatWall and / or JinShanLing Great Wall with a visit to ChengDe, the ancient imperial summer resort, that is on the same line of direction from Beijing (about 2 hours drive further). ChengDe contains a huge imperial park, encircled by a charming mini Great Wall, and a number of interesting temples. ChengDe itself is encircled by mountains and is a picturesque place well worth a visit.

一个好的主意，花两、三或四天的旅行，联合起来先到司马台长城或金山岭长城，然后在去访问承德，那有皇帝的避暑山庄，从北京到那是同一条线路（大约再多两个小时的行程）。承德包含着一个大的皇家公园，周围有迷你的长城环绕，还有许多有趣的寺庙在里面。承德本身也被山脉环绕，是一个非常独特的地方，值得一游。

HuangHua Great Wall
黄花长城

HuangHua Great Wall was constructed during the Ming Dynasty and is about 70km north from Beijing.

黄化长城是明朝时期建造的据北京大约70公里。

In summer, all the villages in the area of HuangHua Great Wallare immersed in yellow flowers, hence the name HuangHua ('Yellow Flower'). In autumn, the yellow flowers give way to boundless yellow leaves.HuangHua Great Wall is a good examples of 'Wild Great Wall' - so expect loose rocks and brambles, and be very careful of your footing and which parts you really should not attempt to climb (you can pass around).

夏天里，黄花长城这里所有的村庄都沉浸在黄花之中，因此的名黄花。到秋天，所有的黄花都变成黄色的叶子。黄花长城是很好的“野长城”例子——所以有预期的荆棘和松动的石头，还要特别小心你的立足之处，有的地方你真的不应该试着去攀爬（你可以从周围穿过去）。

JianKou Great Wall
箭扣长城

JianKou Great Wall was constructed during the Ming Dynasty and is about 73km north from Beijing. JianKou Great Wall is regarded by some people as the most picturesque section of Great Wall and is a good example of 'Wild Great Wall'. The main section of JianKou Great Wall is built along a mountain ridge with steep cliffs on each side. Therefore, climbing the wall here needs a good level of fitness and great care.

箭扣长城建于明朝期间，从北京往北大约73公里处。箭扣长城被一些人认为是野长城中最优美的一段。箭扣长城主要的一段是建在山峰上两边都是悬崖峭壁。因此要攀登这里的墙需要巨大的体能和极度的小心。

JianKou Great Wall.

JianKou Great Wall connects with MuTianYu Great Wall, 10km to the east.

箭扣长城往东10公里和慕田峪长城相连。

JuYongGuan Great Wall
居庸关长城

JuYongGuan Great Wall is a Pass that lies in an 18 km long valley named GuanGou in ChangPing County, about 55 km from Beijing City. JuYongGuan is one of the three great passes of the Great Wall of China. In fact, JuYongGuan Great Wall actually has two passes, one to the south and one to the north. The southern one is what we now call JuYongGuan and the northern one is BaDaLing.JuYongGuan rises steeply each side of a fortrified gate that crosses a river (and now a reservoir). There is a temple and other attractions close by. JuYongGuan Great Wall also features some life-size Terracotta Warriors.

居庸关长城是一个关口位于昌平区18公里长叫光耦的峡谷，距北京市大约55公里。居庸关是长城的三大关之一。实际上，长城其实有两个关口，一南一北，南边的是我们现在知道的居庸关，北面的是八达岭。在居庸关

JuYongGuan Pass was connected into the Great Wall of China during the Northern and Southern Dynasties period. The JuYongGuan Great Wall we see today was initially built during the Ming dynasty and it received much renovation later. It is a very strategically important place connecting inner China with the area near the northern border. JuYongGuan Great Wall was also of major defensive importance for the city of Beijing.

居庸关在南北朝时期就被连接到中国的长城里了。我们今天看到的居庸关长城始建于明代，前后经过多次翻修。这是一个非常重要的战略地点，内连中原外与周边的北部地区相连。对于北京城居庸关长城，也主要起到重要防卫作用。

GuBeiKou Great Wall
古北口长城

GuBeiKou Great Wall is located in north MiYun County about 150 km north east of Beijing. It connects with JinShanLing and then SiMaTai to the east. GuBeiKou provided vital access to a road that runs north-south across the YanShan Mountains. With the PanLong (Coiling Dragon) and WoHu (Crouching Tiger) mountains in the background, this section of the Great Wall is linked to the QingFeng (Green Wind) and DiCui (Piled Verdure) peaks.The ChaoHe River also runs across the Great Wall here from north to south. The main section of GuBeiKou Great Wall joins the PanLong and WoHu mountains into an integral whole to form an impressively strong fortification。

古北口长城位于密云县的北面，距北京市东北方150公里。古北口有一条南北走向横穿燕山山脉的重要通道。盘龙、卧虎两山做其背景，连接着清风、叠翠两个山峰。朝河从北部山谷流入横穿长城往南流入密云水库。古北口长城主段部分加入盘龙和卧虎两山使之成为整体，形成一个强大的坚不可摧的堡垒。

In 1378, the 11th year of HongWu's reign in the Ming dynasty, General Xu Da ordered this section of the Great Wall to be rebuilt and strengthened. Few sections have seen as many battles as GuBeiKou and some of the battles are famous in Chinese history.

On the southern mountain slopes of GuBeiKou Great Wall stands a temple dedicated to Yang Ye, a famous Great Wall garrison general during the Song Dynasty. There are quite a few temples in China dedicated to this general, but this one at GuBeiKou Great Wall is perhaps the earliest.

在1378年，明朝洪武11年，朱元璋派大将徐达来重修并加强这段长城。从一些片段上可以看出古北口经历过很多的战火，一些战役在中国历史上很著名。在中国还有其他几个杨业祠但古北口的这座是最早的一个。

在古北口的南坡上有一个杨业祠，是为宋代著名的驻军大将杨家将建的。