Introduction to the Summer Palace
介绍颐和园
The Summer Palace is located on the western edge of Beijing, between the fourth and fifth ring roads, close to the western hills, 12km from central Beijing. It is not expensive to get there by taxi and does not take long. Use a map to tell the driver you want to be taken to the north gate if you would like to follow our suggested route through the park, or ask your hotel receptionist to add 'north gate' to 'Summer Palace' written in chinese script on a piece of paper to show the taxi driver.
As its name implies, the Summer Palace was used as a summer residence by China's imperial rulers - as a retreat from the main imperial palace now known as the Palace Museum (or 'Forbidden City') - a pleasureground in the countryside, yet near to the city.
The Summer Palace is virtually a museum of traditional Chinese gardening that uses rocks, plants, pavilions, ponds, cobble paths and other garden styles to create a poetic effect between different scenes. When you stroll around the Summer Palace, you will constantly find the area changing.
This Summer Palace guide looks at its history, presents a clear map with a suggested route through the palace grounds, and looks at each place of interest in detail. This guide contains 400 superb photographs that both illustrate each location, and hint at the beauty of the gardens as a whole.
Discover the Summer Palace ...
颐和园位于北京的西郊，在四环和五环之间，挨着西山，距市中心12千米。乘出租车到那不是很贵也不会花太长时间。 如果你想跟随我们的建议路线游览，那么用地图告诉司机你要到北门，或者让酒店的接待员帮你在纸上写下“颐和园北门” 的中文字，可以给出租司机看。
正如他的英文名字“Summer Palace"——"夏天的宫殿”，这里是皇帝在夏天的居住之地。这里好比另一个在乡村的紫禁城， 帝王后妃常逍遥游乐于此，离市中心也不算远，亦可随时处理政事。
实际上颐和园是一个中国传统园林建筑的博物馆，它运用石头、植物、凉亭、水池、鹅卵石的小路，还有不同风格的公园，在两个不同区域之间制造出如诗如画般的效果。当你漫步其中时你会不经意的发现区域的变换
我们着眼于它的历史，给你一个清晰的地图和一个好的路线游览颐和园，还会详细的介绍每一个有趣的地方。这里包括400多张精美的照片和详细的介绍，还有一些隐藏着的美。
探索颐和园.....
A brief history of the Summer Palace
颐和园历史摘要
The gardens that became the Summer Palace date from the Jin Dynasty (1115-1234).
Later, the Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan (Yuan Dynasty, 1279-1368), who wanted to improve Beijing's water supply, ordered the construction of canals to transport water from the Western Hills to the Summer Palace. He also enlarged the lake (now called KunMing Lake) to act as a reservoir.
In 1750, Emperor QianLong (1736-1796) of the Qing Dynasty (1644-1911) added substantially to the gardens of the Summer Palace. His appointed designers reproduced the styles of various palaces and gardens from around China. KunMing Lake was extended to imitate the West Lake in HangZhou.
早在金代（1115-1234年）颐和园已经开始成为花园。随后，元朝（1279-1368）的忽必烈又改进北京的水系统，他用运河把西山的水引到颐和园。也扩建了昆明湖，作为蓄水池。
1750年，清朝(1644-1911)的乾隆皇帝充分的把这个花园修建成了皇家园林。他让设计师复制中国的各种园林风格汇集于这里。例如昆明湖就是模仿杭州的西湖。
In 1860, the Anglo-French Allied Forces invaded Beijing and set fire to many of the buildings within the Summer Palace.
In 1886, Dowager Empress CiXi, with embezzled funds from the Imperial Navy, restored the grand gardens. The reconstruction and enlargement of the Summer Palace continued for ten years. After completion, she renamed the gardens 'YiHeYuan' ('Garden of Peace and Harmony').
The Empress Dowager CiXi moved her administration to the renovated YiHeYuan in 1889 and the gardens that had long been an imperial pleasure ground became the primary Summer Palace.
1860年英法联军侵略北京纵火烧毁了大部分建筑。
1886慈溪挪用海军经费重建并扩大，完成后她改名为颐和园（颐养和谐之园）。
1889年慈禧连同她的行政部门一同搬到修复一新的颐和园，至此颐和园变成了皇家首要的游乐场所。
Tales of CiXi's excesses (including the Marble Boat, seen in the photo above) are numerous and came to symbolise the decadence of the imperial family.
The Summer Palace is sometimes referred to as the 'New Summer Palace'. The original primary Summer Palace (YuanMingYuan, or 'Old Summer Palace') was demolished in 1860 by invading Anglo-French forces. Then, shortly after, the eight allied powers invaded in 1900 during the Boxer Rebellion to plunder and destroy the newly reconstructed New Summer Palace.
Only when the fugitive CiXi returned to Beijing in 1903, did full-scale restoration begin. In this way, the Summer Palaces - old and new - are also associated in popular culture with the destructive interference of foreign powers.
Today's Summer Palace is more or less the same as the palace rebuilt from 1903.
After the success of the 1911 Revolution, the Summer Palace was opened to the public. Then, after the last Qing Emperor PuYi was thrown out of the Palaces in 1924, the Summer Palace was turned into a park. The Summer Palace has become a popular and relaxing destination for both domestic and international tourists.
从慈禧的挥霍无度可以看出她的衰退已近（包括清宴坊）有许多的地方象征着皇家的衰落。
我们现在所说的"Summer Palace"是指颐和园，Old Summer Palace 是指圆明园，1860年被英法联军野蛮烧毁。不久之后又遭到八国联军严重的掠夺和烧毁，还有刚刚重建的颐和园。
1903年逃亡的慈禧返回北京，做了全方位的修复。这样，老的和新的颐和园在外国力量的干扰下有机的结合起来了，这就是我们现在看到的颐和园，和1903年后重修的颐和园大体相似。
1911年革命成功以后，颐和园对外开放。之后，至少是在1924年清朝的最后一个皇帝被赶出宫殿后，颐和园才变成真正的公园，人们才有幸走进来。现在颐和园已经是一个休闲旅游的好去处。
The Summer Palace Today
The garden can be historically divided into three parts, namely : administration, residence and scenery browsing area. The administration area, taking in the Halls of Benevolence and Longevity as its principal part, is the place where the Qing dynasty's dowager empress CiXi dealt with state affairs and received officials. The residence area mainly consists of the Hall of Jade Billows, the Garden of Virtue and Harmony, and the Hall of Joyful Longevity. Kunming Lake and Longevity Hill form the scenery browsing area.
Longevity Hill is an augmented hill based on an offshoot of the Western Fragrant Hills.
After the Great Wall and the Forbidden City, the Summer Palace is the next 'must see' place to visit for any tourist. Indeed, the author has been there over 100 times and every visit has been special. Because of its size and the desire to linger in each place, a whole day is recommended for your visit. For a small fee plus deposit you can take your own small boat out onto the lake - to relax and enjoy a different view of these wonderful gardens.
按历史这个花园主要可以花分为三个部分，行政区、居住区、游乐区。行政区是仁寿殿，主要作为慈禧接见各大臣打理朝政的地方。居住的地方主要由“玉澜堂”、“德和园”和“乐寿堂”组成。昆明湖和万寿山属于游乐的区域。
对许多游客来说即长城和故宫之后，颐和园是第三个必去的地方。确实，作者已经去过大约100多次了每次去都有特别的感受。因为它的面积很大而且要想游览过每一个地方，我们建议您用一整天的时间去那。如果你负一笔少的费用加上押金，就可以租到一个船然后自己驾驶着它游荡在湖上——放松、享受公园中每一处不同的美景。
The Summer Palace was designated a World Heritage site by UNESCO in 1990.
The halls, pavilions, bridges and temples, Kunming Lake and Longevity Hill, all blend together harmoniously in spite of their individual styles. Ingeniously conceived and elaborately designed, the Summer Palace, featuring the garden styles of both northern and southern China, is justifiably known as the 'garden of gardens'.
Indeed, the Summer Palace represents a quintessentially Chinese ideal of harmony between man and nature.
Time to enter the Summer Palace ...
1990年被联合国科教文组织列为世界遗产。
这长廊、亭阁、桥梁、寺庙，还有昆明湖和万寿山，所有的一切不管他们是什么风格全部巧妙和谐的混合在一起。这巧妙的构思和精湛的设计，使颐和园同时融合了中国南、北方的园林风格，之所以它成为有名的“园林中的园林”。
甚至，颐和园也正体现了中国观念的精髓——人与自然之间的和谐。
是时候进入颐和园了......
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